ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the MSCT and pathological features of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (SRCC)and to improve the diagnostic accuracy in differentiating SRCC from renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC).Methods The MSCT findings and pathological features of 19 patients with SRCC and 213 patients with RCCC were reviewed retrospectively.Results On CT imaging,the average diameter of SRCC (65.95 mm±10.75 mm)was significantly larger than that of RCCC (51.88 mm±14.69 mm)(P=0.01);Of 19 SRCC,11 showed hemorrhage,necrosis and cystic degeneration and 1 showed calcification on unenhanced CT scan,while 9 of 213 RCCC showed calcification,there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P=0.07).In addition,10 cases of SRCC had slow and prolonged enhancement while 198 cases of RCCC had a contrast-enhancement pattern of "fast-in-and-fast-out",there was statistically significant difference between the two groups in CT enhancement mode (P＜0.05).SRCC had a high degree of malignancy:in 19 cases,there were 4 cases with involvement of surrounding viscera,4 cases with perirenal effusion or hydronephrosis,5 cases with lymph node enlargement,7 cases with tumor thrombus of renal vein or inferior caval vein and 4 cases with pulmonary metastasis.Pathologically, 11 SRCC (57.89%)contained sarcomatoid component and 17 cases (89.47%)was positive for Vimentin.Conclusion Compared with RCCC,SRCC demonstrates certain characteristics signs at MSCT examination.SRCC is generally larger mass,heterogeneous and continuous ehhancement on the contrast scanning.The diagnosis of SRCC should be considered especially when the lesion has signs of invasiveness or metastatic.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of co-exposure to LPS and heat on plasma tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in rats. Methods Eighty male pathogen-free Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: saline-injected normothermic control (group C), saline-injected heat exposed (group H), LPS-injected normothermic control (group L), LPS-injected heat exposed (group HL). Rectal temperature (Tr), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and respiratory rate (RR) were continually monitored. Plasma levels of TNF-? and IL-6 were determined at 0, 40, 80, 120 min after treatment. Results The rats in group HL displayed significantly higher values of Tr , HR , and RR and lower values of MAP than that of group C at 120 min. There was a significant difference in the values of HR and MAP between group HL and the other 3 groups at the same time point. The rats in group HL displayed an early rise in levels of plasma TNF-?, IL-6 at 40 min. The significant elevation of the peak TNF-? level at 80 min in group HL was observed. Plasma IL-6 hyperexpression was shown in rats in group HL which was significantly higher than the other 3 groups at the same time point. Conclusion Co-exposure to LPS and heat induces the rat to develop and augment systemic inflammatory response syndrome.